A fellow going by "rockman zx" extracted the character images from the official website - these are the ones linked to here. They're stored in Flash along with the background and I don't have the skill to get rid of it of it cleanly. If your site's staff can make use of these images, please give the appropriate credit to "rockman zx".

Image names ending with "A" show the top screen. Image names ending with "B" show the bottom screen. The bottom screen images won't have much variety since they just show the current deck during a match.

Not sure what to do for links. GameFAQs honestly seems to be the place to be for detailed information in English. The Japanese wikis seem to be very good; I presume they have they have information from the official V Jump guidebooks, which are all hundreds of pages long. Superstars has a lot less information online.
http://games.gaym.jp/DS/jump/

I have no idea where the manga came from. There's English scans online so I've read the thing, but I wasn't able to find any info on it. Maybe it's the official guidebook, but it isn't mentioned on its Amazon description.

For some consistency, I tried to use the official American manga names where I could find them. That's mainly because things like "Fist of the North Star" and "JoJo's Bizarre Adventure" are probably more recognizable to English-language readers than "Hokuto no Ken" and "JoJo no Kimyou na Bouken". The most drastic oddity that comes out of that is that "Majin Buu" is referred to as "Djinn Boo" and that "Donpatchi" is referred to as "Poppa Rocks". I can easily imagine people being upset about this stuff.

All of the character images included are from Jump Ultimate Stars. That means the Naruto images included, though placed in the Jump Superstars section, do not match the character's appearance in that game. The appearance change is mentioned in the text itself and can be made visible through screenshots if need be, so I don't think it should be a big deal.

Here's a description of the music. Wasn't sure where to put it.

"The music is not particularly interesting. Naruto's stage in Ultimate Stars is an exception: it's some sort of shamisen speed metal thing. Since this is based entirely on the manga and not the animated adaptations, the iconic theme songs of the anime are not featured. Super Stars often reuses music between the stages while Ultimate Star has unique music for all stages."

Didn't want to ramble about sequels that may or may not happen, but if you think it will make a better conclusion, here's some information. Ultimate Stars is still missing some of Shonen Jump's more popular manga, like Bastard! and City Hunter. There's also some Shonen Jump series that have come out since these game. I think Toriko and To Love-Ru are the bigger ones. Region locking wasn't an issue for the DS, but it would be a huge problem for importers should a sequel come to 3DS or Wii U. Maybe that's why their latest crossover game is for the Vita instead.
http://comipress.com/article/2008/12/31/3733
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_series_run_in_Weekly_Shonen_Jump